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Rome is a major EU and international financial, cultural and a business centre. With a 2005 GDP of €94.376 billion (US$121.5 billion),〔(Rapporto Censis 2006 )〕 the city produces 6.7% of the national GDP (more than any other single city in Italy), and its unemployment rate, lowered from 11.1% to 6.5% between 2001 and 2005, is now one of the lowest rates of all the European Union capital cities.〔 Rome grows +4.4% annually and continues to grow at a higher rate in comparison to any other city in the rest of the country.〔 This means that were Rome a country, it would be the world's 52nd richest country by GDP, near to the size to that of Egypt. Rome also had a 2003 GDP per capita of €29,153 (US$ 37,412), which was second in Italy, (after Milan), and is more than 134.1% of the EU average GDP per capita.〔name="observatoribarcelona.org"〕 Also, Rome hosts the head offices of the vast majority of the major Italian companies and corporations, as well as the headquarters of 3 of the world's 100 largest companies: Enel, Eni, and Telecom Italia. Rome, also hosts major international and worldwide political and cultural organizations, such as the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), World Food Programme (WFT), and the NATO Defence College. Rome is currently a beta+ world city, along with other metropoleis such as Berlin and Montreal,〔http://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/world2010t.html〕 and was ranked in the Global Cities Index as the world's 28th most important city.〔http://www.atkearney.at/content/misc/wrapper.php/id/50369/name/pdf_urban_elite-gci_2010_12894889240b41.pdf〕 Rome was in 2008, also ranked 15th out of all the cities of the world for global importance, mainly for cultural experience.〔http://www.foreignpolicy.com/story/cms.php?story_id=4509〕 == History == Ancient Rome commanded a vast area of land, with tremendous natural and human resources. As such, Rome's economy remained focused on farming and trade. Agricultural free trade changed the Italian landscape, and by the 1st century BC, vast grape and olive estates had supplanted the yeoman farmers, who were unable to match the imported grain price. The annexation of Egypt, Sicily and Tunisia in North Africa provided a continuous supply of grains. In turn, olive oil and wine were Italy's main exports. Two-tier crop rotation was practiced, but farm productivity was overall low, around 1 ton per hectare. Some economists like Peter Temin consider the Roman Empire a market economy, similar in its degree of capitalistic practices to 17th century Netherlands and 18th century England.〔(Temin, Peter. "A Market Economy in the Early Roman Empire." )〕 After the Decline of the Roman Empire, Rome fell into decay, with its ex-economic and political power passing on to other cities, such as Milan, Florence, Venice and Palermo.〔http://www.mariamilani.com/ancient_rome/medieval_rome.htm〕 Even though Rome still had the powerful pope, the city ceased to be a major centre for commerce, trade and finance.〔 The Roman economy, however, boomed in the 16th and 17th centuries, especially when the Medici popes Leo X and Clement VII were in power.〔http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Papal+Banking+in+Renaissance+Rome:+Benvenuto+Olivieri+and+Paul+III,...-a0179279455〕 The renaissance transformed Rome into a city of the arts, culture, politics, banking, commerce and trade, especially when the Florentine merchants involved in papal affairs, yielded huge profits.〔 Rome grew momentously after the war, as one of the driving forces behind the "Italian economic miracle" of post-war reconstruction and modernisation. It became a fashionable city in the 1950s and early 1960s, the years of ''la dolce vita'' ("the sweet life"), with popular classic films such as ''Ben Hur'', ''Quo Vadis'', ''Roman Holiday'' and ''La Dolce Vita'',〔http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0053779/〕 being filmed in the city's iconic Cinecittà Studios. A new rising trend in population continued until the mid-1980s, when the commune had more than 2,800,000 residents; after that, population started to slowly decline as more residents moved to nearby suburbs. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Economy of Rome」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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